Economics views - where advanced economics ideas find you

           Present time loan become the essential part of the life. All countries central governments, states and provinces governments, Municipal corporations, all are borrowing money to manage their expenditures. Thus they have to pay interest per year then this interest portion in budget reached one third to fifty percent. Then this debt trap continously increasing  if any year revenue decreased then to repay loan and interest again borrow bigger amount then previous year loan taken. This debt trap also now popular to buy home, personal loan.           Industrial or production companies take loan that's right because they are doing commercial activity. Business need money to increase production and they can earn money by this investment in future. So need to reduce borrowing for the non commercial activities where in future return is zero and investment amount also forfeited. Fiscal deficit of all countries are on high this ...

        Present time governments expenditure increased but tax and non tax revenue decreased due to lockdown. One side unemployment increased and other side covid-19 pandemic people facing health issues and near one million people died. So government required huge money to fulfil gap between revenue and expenditure. Required heavy expenditure on vaccination to people country wide. USA & UK are choosed the way of quantitative easing to buy government financial assets and bonds. This method is good for emergency support but what is next, When government will repay this financial support this is a big question. Other side I am suggesting a new option for emergency financing to long term financing for economic output growth.  1. Government should support industries and enterprises by make a law where 30% of bank loan convert in preferential share so interest burden will reduce and possibilities of NPA will become very less. This stake bank can sell to others or ...

          Present time all countries governments giving agricultural subsidies on various type of agri inputs and purchase of ready crops. Mostly governments are giving subsidies on fertilisers, seeds, interest of loan amount, agri tools, electricity and diesel etc. These subsidies reason to support farmers, agri labours to stay in this employment and food requirements of country can be fulfilled.         Second when crops become ready for market sell then a minimum support price is announced by governments for various crops. Minimum support price where government buy agri products from farmers. Government use these products for public distribution system to fulfil marginal & poor people food requirements on subsidies rates.            Present time this system have many leakages. Nearly 20% products become waste due to unproper storage system. Many time people are forced to buy these waste and unhealthy ...

            Present time central bank of US & UK going to buy government financial assests ie. Matured bond held by financial  ( pension fund, insurance fund) & banking institutions. Present time due to covid-19 lock down cycle of money is halted so central bank will print new note or issue digital currency to by government new bonds or government liability bonds which are on maturity.              This time economies are suffering from recession, tax collection of governments are decreased so meet the financial requirements for current liability and expenditure central bank is pumping fresh money in the economy so rise of interest rate will stopped and cheap money will be available at market. Thus industrial output would be maintained and unemployment in public will stopped.          This method is good but ultimately we are pushing economy by monetary credit but in future if inflatio...

         All countries  central and state governments needs 5 strong departments for best economic performance.  1. Police department -  all countries need a well trained police force. Subjects of knowledges various type of financial fraud & cheating offenses should be covered properly. Investigation work of police  should neutral from political and other interferences. Police should work for applicants welfare & provide them good advise for awareness. Amount of recovery & precious metals gold like, which police recovered from accused deposit them bank account so earning of interest will help department modernisation. This all released after court order. Many these amount kept in police loker room for long times. 2. Judiciary department - Judges should be time bound of any complaints/ case decision within 2 years neither state should pay penalties to applicants. When governments want tax on time then it's duty of the judges to giv...

       Present time many enterprises are stressed. Many time there bank loan restructured or declared NPA ( non performing assets = bad loan). If we see the possible reasons then lack of management, lack of finance, government policies, technology changes and many more but today we will discuss about government policies which are forcing enterprises in stress. 1. Authorisation of Indirect tax department, GST  ( GOODS AND SERVICES TAX) portal is unfair department giving permission to those people who are already defaulter. 2. Once a enterprise sell there goods & services on credit then they have to pay GST 3B on time either they have received payment or not. 3. GST portal have not any option to stop out put of the GST either he haven't received payment.  4. GST portal must add a option of the payment received or not on GSTR 1 return bill wise so if payment not received then GST will not transfer on B2B ( business to business sell) transaction either firm...

         Present time in India government allows reservation for schedule caste, schedule tribe, other backward class, economic weaker section and others. This is creating unsatisfation to those students who scored  more marks then selected students but unselected in thier category merit list. I have suffered lot of this reservation system.  Presently a new category classified in general category who are Economically Weaker section. EWS Present time reservation in union ( central government )  examination is this type - 1. Scheduled caste - 15% 2. Scheduled tribe - 7.5% 3. Other bacward class - 27% 4. Economical weaker sections - 10% 5. Women reservation running in states 6. Physically challenged class 7. Other many classes and sub classes  When Government notify governments jobs and professional course seat exams then all type of classification mentioned there. A.      When government giving jobs or exam seat to any category c...